Showing posts with label Haredi anti-draft protests. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Haredi anti-draft protests. Show all posts

Tuesday, August 7, 2018


 CEASEFIRE?
You cease and we set fires!

As for me, I call to God,
    and the Lord saves me.
Evening, morning and noon
    I cry out in distress,
    and he hears my voice.
 He rescues me unharmed
    from the battle waged against me,
    even though many oppose me.
God, who is enthroned from of old,
    who does not change—
he will hear them and humble them,
    because they have no fear of God.

Psalm 55 16-19

It is a beautiful summer morning (04/08) here in the mountains of Judah. The peace is broken however by the thrub thrub of a police helicopter circling overhead. Never a good sign! I wonder what is happening. I shall probably never know as only a small part of what truly happens ever reaches the news. Mostly our security forces just labor on gathering intelligence, catching terror cells and protecting us in diligent secrecy.

 As always I marvel that men can plot wickedness and wage war on such a beautiful morning. And yet they do! It is just two weeks since my last update and so much has happened in that two weeks I don't know where to start. Oh, oh now I can hear heavy bombers in the sky. Where are they going? What is happening?

Gaza

After the events reported in my previous blog (see "Heat Wave") the UN and Egypt brokered a ceasefire with Hamas, but as usual, it was a case of we cease and they fire. Even the very next day 4 fires were started in Israeli territory as a result of incendiary devices from Gaza. Hamas claimed the ceasefire did not cover incendiary devices! 

 During that week Israel experienced record-breaking heat with temperatures reaching over 40 degrees Celsius in most of the country, accompanied by strong winds. On Wednesday (1 August) the heat reached its maximum and firefighters had to battle 170 fires throughout the country, including some 20 in the Gaza region. Although some of these fires were caused by natural processes many were caused by arson attacks (2). As airconditioners were working overtime, Israel also clocked up a record in the use of electricity that day. 

This past week the incendiary attacks from Gaza have continued unabated.  On Tuesday, 29 fires were started and on Friday, 24. On Friday too an incendiary balloon was found on the roof of a house in Beer Sheva, which is located some 40 km (25 miles) from the Gaza border. This was the second such device to land in Beer Sheva that week. Again this week another dead falcon with an incendiary device attached to its feet was found in a field near the Gaza border. Not content to use children's toys, balloons, kites, and inflated condoms to carry out these attacks. not to mention the children themselves, these evil terrorists are now using innocent animals as well. 
 (Photo: Udi Israel)
Fast moving animals can sometimes escape the fires but others, here a tortoise, have no hope.
Photo: Udi Israel
https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5318528,00.html

 (Photo: Elisheba P Frenkel)
Before and After the fires at the Besor Reserve
(Photo: Elisheba P Frenkel)  https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5318528,00.html
 (Photo: Gilad Hazon)
Besor Stream Nature Reserve after the fires
https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5318528,00.html
In addition to the incendiary attacks, riots at the Gaza border have continued over the past two weeks and there were several border infiltration attempts and attacks on IDF personnel and equipment involving the throwing of Molotov cocktails and grenades.

After a house in Israel was damaged by a petrol (gasoline) bomb fired from Gaza, using petrol supplied by Israel, it was decided that enough was enough. Israel further tightened restrictions on goods entering Gaza by stopping the entry of petrol and gas into the Strip (3). This may seem harsh but why should we supply petrol to our enemies if they are just going to use it for making petrol bombs to attack us?

By the end of the week  UN and Egyptian-brokered negotiations began between Hamas and Israel (4). As Israeli Transport and Intelligence Minister, Yisrael Katz, remarked  "The situation in Gaza is nearing a decision. Either an arrangement, or a war" (5).  As neither side wants war this may be the best chance of gaining a long-term settlement we have had for a long time. I hope and pray that a realistic and enforceable truce will be agreed upon, both for Israel's sake and for the sake of the Palestinians in Gaza. Today (06/08) hope for such a truce seems to be fading as the gaps between the sides seem unbridgeable. Israel is offering to open the border crossings for trade, including oil and gas, and re-extend the permitted fishing zones in return for a total cessation of the border riots, missile attacks and incendiary attacks. Israel however says it will not accept any agreement that does not include the return of 3 Israeli civilians and the bodies of several Israeli soldiers currently held by Hamas. Hamas, on the other hand, is demanding a prisoner exchange that would release some dangerous Hamas leaders and militants, something Israel is refusing to do. So what now? The status quo is intolerable for both sides. How long can the Palestinians hold out in the current situation? How long will Israel tolerate the continuing attacks on its citizens? Time and patience are running out. A limited military incursion of the IDF into Gaza is being mooted. No one wants this but what other choice do we have? 

Syria

The situation in Syria is also just as unstable. Assad's forces have taken Quneitra and the region that had been occupied by ISIS (Daesh) affiliated forces further south, which means they now control the entire Syrian-Israel border area.  As Assad's forces approached the ISIS-held areas,  a series of suicide attacks took place in the Suweida area, south of Damascus, and in villages to the north and east. Militants also stormed homes and villages attacking and killing the occupants. According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights some 221 people were killed, 127 of them being civilians (6). In addition 32 women and children were taken hostage. ISIS has claimed responsibility for these appalling and cowardly attacks. Yesterday one of those hostages, a young Druze man,  Muhannad Dhouqan Abu Ammar, 19, was killed by his captors (7). Please pray for the safe release of the remainder of these hostages. 

During this operation ISIS also fired two missiles into Israel in the hope of triggering an Israeli reaction that would distract Assad's forces. The two missiles fell into the middle of the Sea of Galilee, miraculously missing the hundreds, if not thousands, of Israelis holidaying around its shores. No one was hurt.  

Now that Assad's army has taken control of the area adjacent to the border with Israel, Israel is anxious that Assad will once more honor the 1974 armistice agreement which required a demilitarized zone of between 200m and 7km along the Israeli border. Last week UN and Russian troops moved into this area. 

Russia is also working with Israel to push Iranian military personnel and installations back from Israeli territory. Israel is demanding that all Iranian military forces leave Syria. Naturally, they are reluctant to leave. Russia claims that they have convinced the Iranians to retreat to a distance of 85 km from the border and some installations have been dismantled. However, considering that the Iranians possess missiles that can travel much further than 200 km, this distance is nowhere near enough. Furthermore, there are claims that Iranian personnel have not left but have just switched uniforms.  I do not know the truth of this but I am concerned that both Iran and Russia are still major players in the region, and Russia is gaining more and more influence. For now, they are working with Israel, at least in some ways, but what if that were to change? At the bottom line, Russia is really only interested in protecting its own interests. And what are they? Russia wants to be once again a major world power. What will they do to achieve that goal?

Idlib
Now that Assad has regained control of the rest of Syria, he is now turning his attention to the last rebel-held region, the city of Idlib and the villages and towns around it in the north-west. Some 2.5 million civilians are trapped here, under heavy bombardment, with nowhere to escape. Tens of thousands of rebel militants and their families also fled into this region as Assad's forces were taking the areas to the south. Many Christians have also taken refuge there. Please pray that there will not be another bloodbath as we saw elsewhere. 

Iran

At midnight last night (06/08) the US-imposed sanctions on Iran began to come into effect. The intention is to intensify the economic hardship of the people of Iran in order to force the leadership to abandon its nuclear program. The people of Iran have already been suffering serious economic hardship for some time but the leadership has shown little concern for them as it continues to fund military operations via its proxies in Yemen, Lebanon, Syria and Gaza. Iran, for example, currently provides 90% of the funding for the terror group, Hezbollah, in Lebanon. 


If Iran is forced to cut back its spending on military efforts and supporting terrorist organizations it would be a good thing for Israel and world peace as whole, however the non-participation of European countries, Japan, China and Russia in imposing sanctions seriously undermine their effectiveness. 

Israel's Nation-State Law

At home here in Israel the hot issue this week is the Nation-State Law that was recently passed by the Knesset. Intended as a Basic Law, something akin to a constitution, it defines Israel as a Jewish democratic state and purports merely to codify the existing situation. On the surface, it does just that, but the problem is not what it says but what it does not say. It does not say that equal rights are to be given to minority groups under the law. Given that 20% of Israel's current population belong to minority groups, Christian and Muslim Arabs, Druze, Circassians, Armenians and others, this is raising concerns. Most vocal are the Druze who have served the State faithfully, serve in the army with distinction and have suffered a disproportionate loss of life in military operations. Sadly many Druze are resigning their posts in the army and others are refusing to enlist. 

Some claim the controversy is a 'storm in a teacup' as they say the Law implies equality while other laws guarantee it, but others say that failure to express the principle of equality explicitly is a serious omission in a Law that is intended to be equivalent to a national constitution. It seems to me that it would be a simple thing to add a sentence or two to the Law stating that citizens of minority groups are guaranteed equality under the Law. This is not contrary to Jewish values. In fact, historically the Land of Israel, even when under Jewish control, always had a sizeable minority of non-Jews and, recognizing that, the Bible has quite a lot to say about how we should treat them, for example, 
One law shall be for the native-born and for the stranger who dwells among you.”
Exodus 12:49

Gay Pride Parade

Last Thursday (02/08) the largest ever Gay Pride parade in Jerusalem took to the streets. Estimates put the number of participants at somewhere between 20,000 and 35,000 (8). Since the stabbing of 16-year-old Shira Blanki in 2015 security for these parades has been high, but this year, fearing violence, security was strengthened and some 2,500 police were deployed. This year the parade took on more of an atmosphere of protest, rather than celebration, in the wake of the recently passed Surrogacy Law which denies male homosexual couples the possibility of having children by this means. In spite of counter-demonstrations and vocal protests, mainly by the religious sector, the parade passed peacefully. 

Anti-Draft Protests

On the same day, the entrance to Jerusalem at the Strings Bridge was blocked off yet again by the ultra-orthodox, led by the fanatical Jerusalem Faction,  protesting against the compulsory draft. Forty-six protestors were arrested and one female police officer was treated in hospital for injuries.  Traffic flow around the city was once again seriously disrupted. 

A member of the Israeli mounted police unit tries to disperse a demonstration of ultra-Orthodox protesting against the arrest of a draft dodger in Jerusalem on August 2, 2018. (AFP PHOTO / Menahem KAHANA)
Police clear protestors blocking the light rail in Jaffa Road
https://www.timesofisrael.com/37-arrested-as-ultra-orthodox-jews-block-main-jerusalem-road-in-draft-protest/
Thursday's protests were triggered by the arrest of a draft-dodging yeshiva student. Since the founding of the modern State the ultra-orthodox have been exempted from doing compulsory military service, unlike the rest of the Jewish population. Although they are exempted, they are expected to report to enlistment offices in order to sign a deferral of service. The Jerusalem Faction are instructing their followers to refuse to report to the enlistment offices, a crime which results in their arrest and imprisonment (9). 

Many in Israel feel it is unfair that the ultra-orthodox should have this blanket exemption from military service, and the army is currently making great efforts to cater for their special requirements in order to attract ultra-orthodox recruits. This has been somewhat successful as there has been a tenfold increase in ultra-orthodox recruitment in the past ten years. Ultra-orthodox soldiers, however, are harassed and often assaulted when they return to their communities (9). 

Lord, confuse the wicked, confound their words,

    for I see violence and strife in the city.
10 
Day and night they prowl about on its walls;
    malice and abuse are within it.
11 
Destructive forces are at work in the city;
    threats and lies never leave its streets



 Psalm 55: 9-11

Evangelical Christians and Israeli TV

Last week Channel 11 Caan TV broadcast a four (or maybe five) part series of reports on the relationship of Evangelical Christians and Israel. I was amazed that this happened as it was aired during the main 8PM News. On the whole, the report was very positive and reflected the appreciation of the contribution of Evangelical Christians in the support of Israel, particularly in political and economic realms. 

Some concern was expressed that Evangelicals have an 'ulterior motive' namely to pave the way for the return of their Messiah Jesus and the ultimate 'conversion' of the Jews. I loved one Rabbi's response to this suggestion. He said "If their Messiah did come back, then no doubt the Jews would follow him"!  (See Zechariah 12)

There was one thing that seriously concerned me about the reports, however. It was clear that in the Israeli mind the Evangelical Christian world was identified as being strongly right-wing politically, as evidenced by their support of Trump and the Republicans. I am sad to say that this seems a fairly accurate reflection of the reality, especially in the USA but also here in Israel. 

In my mind, there is great danger in the entanglement of the gospel of Yeshua (Jesus) with politics.  Yeshua took great pains not to involve himself in the politics of his time.  Likewise, although we need to pray for good government and for our leaders, speaking out against injustice and sin, it is far more important to pray and work for the salvation of all people. Only Yeshua and the working of the Holy Spirit can change our hearts and bring peace and justice on Earth. Yeshua's message transcends human politics, and to link it to any particular political view robs it of its power and relevance, especially to those not sharing that view. 

References: 









9. https://www.timesofisrael.com/37-arrested-as-ultra-orthodox-jews-block-main-jerusalem-road-in-draft-protest/





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Friday, October 27, 2017





GO BACK TO THE DESERT



Therefore I am now going to allure her;
    I will lead her into the wilderness
    and speak tenderly to her.
Hosea 2:14

Maktesh Ramon, Negev Desert, Israel



Here in Israel we have just finished celebrating the Feast of Succot (Tabernacles) in which we remember Israel's wanderings in the desert following the exodus from Egypt. You may ask, why did Israel have to wander in the desert for  40 years, or for that matter why did they have to go to Egypt and become slaves in the first place?  Of course the Bible tells us that the 40 years of wandering were caused by Israel's lack of faith at Kadesh Barnea, when they refused to enter the promised land because of their fear of the strength of its inhabitants,  but was there another reason too? 

Many years ago someone said to me that the God of Israel is a God of the desert. Those words stuck in my mind and have resonated throughout my life. When I want to hear from God or have a deep need of communion with Him, I go out into the desert (or wilderness*). 

If you read the Bible you will know that many of the great men and women of God, met Him and heard from Him in the desert  -  for example, Abraham, Moses, Jonah, Elijah, John the Baptist and even Yeshua (Jesus) himself (Matthew 4:1, Luke 5:16). It is interesting to note that the Hebrew word for desert is midbar (מדבר) comes from the same root as the word for 'speak', mdaber (מדבר).  It is also the same root as the word for 'word' (דבר).  And who is the Word? God.


 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
John 1:1


The desert is a place where we can draw near to God and hear his voice more clearly, but it is also a place where survival depends upon the barest necessities, water, shelter and food. All the modern conveniences, noise, bustle and our busyness are stripped away and we stand 'naked' before God. It is a place of vulnerability and danger. We are thrown into the hands of God for our very survival. We all need from time to time to 'go back to the desert' to remind ourselves of how desperately we depend upon the hand of God for every thing. 

Prior to the Babylonian Exile, God spoke to the prophet Hosea and told him to take a harlot and adulteress for a wife. This was to be an object lesson for the people of Israel, who had rejected the true God, her husband, in favor her lovers, the Baals, the false gods of the surrounding peoples.

She said, ‘I will go after my lovers,

    who give me my food and my water,

    my wool and my linen, my olive oil and my drink.

Hosea 2: 5

But God blocked Israel's way and she did not catch up with her lovers,  and He took away all her sustenance, the grain, the wine, the wool and linen, and all her cause for celebration. Therefore, disappointed by her lovers, she said, 

"I will go back to my husband as at first,

    for then I was better off than now."

Hosea 2: 7


Then God drew her into the desert places or wilderness and spoke tenderly to her, so that he could restore to her all that had been lost. 



Therefore I am now going to allure her;

    I will lead her into the wilderness

    and speak tenderly to her.
15 
There I will give her back her vineyards,
    and will make the Valley of Achor ** a door of hope.
There she will respond as in the days of her youth,
    as in the day she came up out of Egypt.

Hosea 2: 14-15

Just like Israel, we all sometimes forget who is our true husband, protector and provider. We go our own way for a while, but God, who loves us, will sooner or later draw us back to the desert, to speak tenderly to us, to restore us to himself. This is true for us as individuals and also true for the nations, especially Israel.  Disillusioned with the emptiness of rabbinic Judaism, many in Israel today have turned their back on the God of Israel and are running after false gods, the gods of the far east, Hinduism and Buddhism, the gods of New Age, the gods of witchcraft and sorcery, or the gods of hedonism and materialism. Sooner or later these gods will disappoint, for they are empty. They cannot satisfy.  

Hosea's prophecy related to his time, but was only partly fulfilled at that time. Complete fulfillment will only occur at the end of the age. The phrase 'in that day' of Hosea 2:16 is an indicator that what follows relates to the times of the end. In the times of the end Israel must pass through another wilderness experience, the time of Jacob's trouble (Jeremiah 30:7), such as she has never known until now, but when all is lost, and she has come to the end of her own strength, disillusioned with her false gods, then God will  gently woo her back and she will return to her true husband, the God of Israel, God of the desert.  Sadly Israel, like all of us, must pass through the desert to reach the Promised Land. 

This last weekend our congregation spent three days together in the desert, at Maktesh Ramon in the Negev. We sought to 'go back to the desert' both as individuals and as a congregation in order to stand 'naked' before God and to hear his voice. The desert is also a place, where in spite of all the arid barrenness around, there are springs of living water. In the days of the Temple, during the Feast of Tabernacles the priests would go down to the Spring of Siloam each morning, draw water, and take it up the hill to the Temple where they would pour it over the altar (1).  It was on the last day of the Feast of Tabernacles, that Jesus proclaimed these words,
 “If anyone thirsts, let him come to Me and drink.  He who believes in Me, as the Scripture has said, out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.
                                                           John 7: 37-38 

And what are these rivers of living water? They are the indwelling Holy Spirit which was to come after Jesus was glorified (v39). We as a congregation considered how we would draw from the well of living water in order to bring it up to Jerusalem.  Our congregation meets right in the heart of modern Jerusalem. We ask, how can we bring the Holy Spirit, the living water, to our so very thirsty city and land? Perhaps first we need to go back to the desert and draw deeply of the wells of living water we will find there. 


Streams of living water in the desert - Ein Ovdat, Negev Desert 


Now for some news:
Tension in the north
On Saturday, the 21st, at 5AM sirens sounded in several Golan Heights towns and people ran into their shelters as five mortar shells fired from Syrian territory landed in Israel, causing no damage to people or property.  Shortly afterward Israel attacked and destroyed the artillery cannons from which the missiles were fired. Just three days earlier, on Thursday, the IDF attacked a Syrian outpost at Quneitra after an errant shell landed in Israel.  These incidents are but the latest of a whole series of 'spillovers' from the Syrian civil war, but there has recently been an upsurge in such incidents as Syrian government forces attempt to retake the Syrian Golan from the rebel groups (2). 


 (Photo: Avihu Shapira)
Police sapper with piece of mortar shell fired into Israeli territory on Saturday
https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5031606,00.html

Another worrying escalation also occurred earlier the same week. For some time now Israeli Air Force planes have been carrying out reconnaissance missions over Lebanon monitoring the transport of arms, especially missiles, from Iran to the terror group, Hezbollah, via Syria. For the first time, Syrian army forces launched a ground-to-air missile towards the Israeli jets and Israeli forces responded by destroying the Syrian battery's fire-control radar installation. In spite of Syrian claims all Israeli planes returned safely to base (3).

This all serves to warn us that the tension in the north could very easily escalate to out-and-out war, as Assad's Syrian government forces, backed by Russia, Iran and Hezbollah, regain control of the rebel-held territories.  There is great concern about the influx of advanced missiles from Iran into Hezbollah's hands. Israel has made it clear it will not tolerate such shipments and has in the past destroyed a number. Hezbollah grows bolder and bolder in its boasting that it now has enough missiles to totally destroy every Israeli city. 

Terror in Israel

The period of the High Holy Days is normally a time we expect an upsurge in terror attacks in Israel. This year however we had  25% fewer attacks in September than the average over the last five years. That said we had ONLY(!) 103 terror attacks in September, resulting in the deaths of three Israelis (4).

Jerusalem March

Jerusalem March 2017 (Photo: Ohad Zwigenberg)
Jerusalem March 2017 (Photo: Ohad Zwigenberg)
https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5027168,00.html

On the 6th day of Succot tens of thousands of people from all over the world took part in the annual Jerusalem March. This March has taken place now for 60  years but this year was special as it marked the 50th anniversary of Jerusalem's reunification in 1967 (5). 

Ultra-Orthodox Anti-Draft Protests
Traffic flow around the city, and elsewhere around the country, has repeatedly been seriously affected this month by ultra-orthodox men protesting the compulsory draft into the IDF. Although they usually receive an exemption from having to serve, the law requires them to register at the draft offices. Over the past weeks a large number have been arrested for failing to do so prompting large-scale protests. Major arterial roads and the light rail trains have been blocked causing massive traffic disruption and outbreaks of violence.  

On Monday I was twice caught up in these traffic problems as I tried to negotiate my way around the city, but was forced to take long detours and sit for long periods in tail-backs (traffic jams). On the way home from the city later that night, I noticed a terrible stench in the area of the Strings Bridge at the main entrance to the city. I later learned that police had for the first time used this 'odor cannon' to disperse the protestors. It smelled like silage or the effluent from a refet (indoor cow sheds). It stank!!!  I think it is probably an effective measure but I did feel sorry for the people who live in the area. 

These actions are not only alienating the ultra-orthodox even more from mainstream Israeli society but are causing a deep rift within the ultra-orthodox community itself. Most do not identify with the protest and it is only one stream, the Jerusalem Faction,  that is involved. Members of the Jerusalem Faction do not recognize the legitimacy of the Israeli state and therefore refuse to follow the law and will not take part in the IDF(6).  I see this as hypocrisy in its most extreme as they enjoy the safety and protection of the State of Israel, but none of the responsibilities of a citizen. 

http://www.tabletmag.com/wp-content/files_mf/rally620.jpg

UN Boycott
Next month the UN Human Rights Council plans to publish a list of some 150 or more companies accused of violating human rights. The names of the affected companies have not yet been announced but some have been leaked to the Press. Last Thursday the national newspaper, Yediot Aharonot, published the names of 25 Israeli companies believed to be on the list. Those names are Amisragas, Angel Bakeries, Arison Investments, Ashdar, Café Café, Clal Industries, Cellcom, Danya Cebus, Dor Alon, Electra, Hewlett Packard, HOT, Israel Aerospace Industries, Matrix Systems, Nesher, Partner, PAZ Gas, Rami Levy, Remax, Shikun & Binui, Shufersal, Bank Leumi and Sonol. If you are familiar with Israel you know that these are all large, well-known companies in Israel which operate all over the country and in the West Bank. Israel and the US are working behind the scenes to try and stop the UN from publishing this blacklist. As Efrat Council head and chief foreign envoy of the Yesha Council, Oded Revivi, pointed out,


 ...instead of boycotting the companies on the blacklist the UN should hand them Nobel Peace Prizes. 
“These companies are the ones that employ and support thousands of Palestinian families... 
“Jews and Arabs are brought closer together in their factories where they work in the same building. Those who want to boycott these companies only distance coexistence, good neighbor relations and joint economic growth."
The nations may plot harm to Israel but God will have the last word, as it is prophesied,
 Then the sovereignty, power and greatness of all the kingdoms under heaven will be handed over to the holy people of the Most High. His kingdom will be an everlasting kingdom, and all rulers will worship and obey him.
Daniel 7: 27

 * Note: the Hebrew word, midbar, usually translated into English as 'desert' is more correctly translated 'wilderness', meaning simply a region outside of towns or cultivated areas, so is not always, strictly speaking, true desert. In Israel however most of the region lying outside of human settlement is either very arid steppe country or true desert. The Greek word 'eremos' also means an unpopulated, uncultivated area.

** Valley of Achor - an actual geographical location east of Jericho, but also literally translates as the Valley of Trouble.

References:

(1) http://www.chabad.org/holidays/JewishNewYear/template_cdo/aid/1971019/jewish/The-Joyous-Water-Drawing-Ceremony.htm 

(2) https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5031505,00.html

(3) https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5029195,00.html

(4) htttyp://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/September-terror-attacks-against-Israelis-dip-to-five-year-low-507992

(5) https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5027168,00.html

(6) http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/WATCH-Haredim-block-traffic-in-mass-protest-over-draft-law-507824

http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Haredi-protestors-shut-down-Jerusalem-roads-for-the-second-week-in-a-row-508213

(6) http://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Companies-targeted-by-UNHRC-settler-blacklist-reject-wrongdoing-charges-508574

* Note: the Hebrew word, midbar, usually translated into English as 'desert' is more correctly translated 'wilderness', meaning simply a region outside of towns or cultivated areas, so is not always, strictly speaking, true desert. In Israel however most of the region lying outside of human settlement is either very arid steppe country or true desert. The Greek word 'eremos' also means an unpopulated, uncultivated area.

** Valley of Achor - an actual geographical location east of Jericho, but also literally translates as the Valley of Trouble.